(crawler) Fast detection and bail-out for crawler traps

Nephentes has been doing the rounds in social media, adding an easy detection and mitigation mechanism for this type of trap, as sadly not all webmasters set up their robots.txt correctly.  Out of the box crawl limits will also deal with this type of attack, but this fix is faster.

ROADMAP.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Roadmap 2024-2025
+# Roadmap 2025
 
 This is a roadmap with major features planned for Marginalia Search.
 
@@ -30,12 +30,6 @@ Retaining the ability to independently crawl the web is still strongly desirable
 The search engine has a bit of a problem showing spicy content mixed in with the results.  It would be desirable to have a way to filter this out.  It's likely something like a URL blacklist (e.g. [UT1](https://dsi.ut-capitole.fr/blacklists/index_en.php) )
 combined with naive bayesian filter would go a long way, or something more sophisticated...?
 
-## Web Design Overhaul
-
-The design is kinda clunky and hard to maintain, and needlessly outdated-looking.  
-
-In progress: PR [#127](https://github.com/MarginaliaSearch/MarginaliaSearch/pull/127)  -- demo available at https://test.marginalia.nu/
-
 ## Additional Language Support
 
 It would be desirable if the search engine supported more languages than English.  This is partially about
@@ -62,8 +56,31 @@ filter for any API consumer.
 
 I've talked to the stract dev and he does not think it's a good idea to mimic their optics language, which is quite ad-hoc, but instead to work together to find some new common description language for this. 
 
+## Show favicons next to search results
+
+This is expected from search engines.  Basic proof of concept sketch of fetching this data has been done, but the feature is some way from being reality. 
+
+## Specialized crawler for github
+
+One of the search engine's biggest limitations right now is that it does not index github at all.   A specialized crawler that fetches at least the readme.md would go a long way toward providing search capabilities in this domain.
+
 # Completed
 
+## Web Design Overhaul (COMPLETED 2025-01)
+
+The design is kinda clunky and hard to maintain, and needlessly outdated-looking.  
+
+PR [#127](https://github.com/MarginaliaSearch/MarginaliaSearch/pull/127)
+
+## Finalize RSS support (COMPLETED 2024-11)
+
+Marginalia has experimental RSS preview support for a few domains.  This works well and
+it should be extended to all domains.  It would also be interesting to offer search of the
+RSS data itself, or use the RSS set to feed a special live index that updates faster than the
+main dataset. 
+
+Completed with PR [#122](https://github.com/MarginaliaSearch/MarginaliaSearch/pull/122) and PR [#125](https://github.com/MarginaliaSearch/MarginaliaSearch/pull/125)
+
 ## Proper Position Index (COMPLETED 2024-09)
 
 The search engine uses a fixed width bit mask to indicate word positions.  It has the benefit
@@ -76,11 +93,3 @@ list, as is the civilized way of doing this.
 
 Completed with PR [#99](https://github.com/MarginaliaSearch/MarginaliaSearch/pull/99)
 
-## Finalize RSS support (COMPLETED 2024-11)
-
-Marginalia has experimental RSS preview support for a few domains.  This works well and
-it should be extended to all domains.  It would also be interesting to offer search of the
-RSS data itself, or use the RSS set to feed a special live index that updates faster than the
-main dataset. 
-
-Completed with PR [#122](https://github.com/MarginaliaSearch/MarginaliaSearch/pull/122) and PR [#125](https://github.com/MarginaliaSearch/MarginaliaSearch/pull/125)

build.gradle

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ ext {
     dockerImageBase='container-registry.oracle.com/graalvm/jdk:23'
     dockerImageTag='latest'
     dockerImageRegistry='marginalia'
-    jibVersion = '3.4.3'
+    jibVersion = '3.4.4'
 
 }
 

code/index/api/java/nu/marginalia/index/api/IndexClient.java

@@ -16,20 +16,19 @@ import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
 
 import java.util.ArrayList;
 import java.util.Comparator;
-import java.util.Iterator;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture;
 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
 import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
-
+import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;
-import static java.lang.Math.clamp;
+import java.util.function.Consumer;
 
 @Singleton
 public class IndexClient {
     private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(IndexClient.class);
     private final GrpcMultiNodeChannelPool<IndexApiGrpc.IndexApiBlockingStub> channelPool;
     private final DomainBlacklistImpl blacklist;
-    private static final ExecutorService executor = Executors.newVirtualThreadPerTaskExecutor();
+    private static final ExecutorService executor = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
 
     @Inject
     public IndexClient(GrpcChannelPoolFactory channelPoolFactory, DomainBlacklistImpl blacklist) {
@@ -51,40 +50,37 @@ public class IndexClient {
 
     /** Execute a query on the index partitions and return the combined results. */
     public AggregateQueryResponse executeQueries(RpcIndexQuery indexRequest, Pagination pagination) {
-        List<CompletableFuture<Iterator<RpcDecoratedResultItem>>> futures =
-                channelPool.call(IndexApiGrpc.IndexApiBlockingStub::query)
-                        .async(executor)
-                        .runEach(indexRequest);
 
         final int requestedMaxResults = indexRequest.getQueryLimits().getResultsTotal();
-        final int resultsUpperBound = requestedMaxResults * channelPool.getNumNodes();
 
-        List<RpcDecoratedResultItem> results = new ArrayList<>(resultsUpperBound);
+        AtomicInteger totalNumResults = new AtomicInteger(0);
 
-        for (var future : futures) {
+        List<RpcDecoratedResultItem> results =
+                channelPool.call(IndexApiGrpc.IndexApiBlockingStub::query)
+                        .async(executor)
+                        .runEach(indexRequest)
+                        .stream()
+                        .map(future -> future.thenApply(iterator -> {
+                            List<RpcDecoratedResultItem> ret = new ArrayList<>(requestedMaxResults);
+                            iterator.forEachRemaining(ret::add);
+                            totalNumResults.addAndGet(ret.size());
+                            return ret;
+                        }))
+                        .mapMulti((CompletableFuture<List<RpcDecoratedResultItem>> fut, Consumer<List<RpcDecoratedResultItem>> c) ->{
                             try {
-                future.get().forEachRemaining(results::add);
+                                c.accept(fut.join());
-            }
+                            } catch (Exception e) {
-            catch (Exception e) {
+                                logger.error("Error while fetching results", e);
-                logger.error("Downstream exception", e);
-            }
                             }
+                        })
+                        .flatMap(List::stream)
+                        .filter(item -> !isBlacklisted(item))
+                        .sorted(comparator)
+                        .skip(Math.max(0, (pagination.page - 1) * pagination.pageSize))
+                        .limit(pagination.pageSize)
+                        .toList();
 
-        // Sort the results by ranking score and remove blacklisted domains
+        return new AggregateQueryResponse(results, pagination.page(), totalNumResults.get());
-        results.sort(comparator);
-        results.removeIf(this::isBlacklisted);
-
-        int numReceivedResults = results.size();
-
-        // pagination is typically 1-indexed, so we need to adjust the start and end indices
-        int indexStart = (pagination.page - 1) * pagination.pageSize;
-        int indexEnd = (pagination.page) * pagination.pageSize;
-
-        results = results.subList(
-                clamp(indexStart, 0, Math.max(0, results.size() - 1)), // from is inclusive, so subtract 1 from size()
-                clamp(indexEnd, 0, results.size()));
-
-        return new AggregateQueryResponse(results, pagination.page(), numReceivedResults);
     }
 
     private boolean isBlacklisted(RpcDecoratedResultItem item) {

code/processes/crawling-process/java/nu/marginalia/crawl/fetcher/warc/WarcRecorder.java

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
+import java.time.Duration;
 import java.time.Instant;
 import java.util.*;
 
@@ -167,6 +168,19 @@ public class WarcRecorder implements AutoCloseable {
             warcRequest.http(); // force HTTP header to be parsed before body is consumed so that caller can use it
             writer.write(warcRequest);
 
+            if (Duration.between(date, Instant.now()).compareTo(Duration.ofSeconds(9)) > 0
+                    && inputBuffer.size() < 2048)
+            {
+                // Fast detection and mitigation of crawler traps that respond with slow
+                // small responses, with a high branching factor
+
+                // Note we bail *after* writing the warc records, this will effectively only
+                // prevent link extraction from the document.
+
+                logger.warn("URL {} took too long to fetch and was too small for the effort", requestUri);
+                return new HttpFetchResult.ResultException(new IOException("Likely crawler trap"));
+            }
+
             return new HttpFetchResult.ResultOk(responseUri,
                     response.code(),
                     inputBuffer.headers(),

code/services-application/search-service/java/nu/marginalia/search/command/SearchParameters.java

@@ -84,18 +84,33 @@ public record SearchParameters(WebsiteUrl url,
     }
 
     public String renderUrl() {
-        String path = String.format("/search?query=%s&profile=%s&js=%s&adtech=%s&recent=%s&searchTitle=%s&newfilter=%s&page=%d",
-                URLEncoder.encode(query, StandardCharsets.UTF_8),
-                URLEncoder.encode(profile.filterId, StandardCharsets.UTF_8),
-                URLEncoder.encode(js.value, StandardCharsets.UTF_8),
-                URLEncoder.encode(adtech.value, StandardCharsets.UTF_8),
-                URLEncoder.encode(recent.value, StandardCharsets.UTF_8),
-                URLEncoder.encode(searchTitle.value, StandardCharsets.UTF_8),
-                Boolean.valueOf(newFilter).toString(),
-                page
-                );
 
-        return path;
+        StringBuilder pathBuilder = new StringBuilder("/search?");
+        pathBuilder.append("query=").append(URLEncoder.encode(query, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
+
+        if (profile != SearchProfile.NO_FILTER) {
+            pathBuilder.append("&profile=").append(URLEncoder.encode(profile.filterId, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
+        }
+        if (js != SearchJsParameter.DEFAULT) {
+            pathBuilder.append("&js=").append(URLEncoder.encode(js.value, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
+        }
+        if (adtech != SearchAdtechParameter.DEFAULT) {
+            pathBuilder.append("&adtech=").append(URLEncoder.encode(adtech.value, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
+        }
+        if (recent != SearchRecentParameter.DEFAULT) {
+            pathBuilder.append("&recent=").append(URLEncoder.encode(recent.value, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
+        }
+        if (searchTitle != SearchTitleParameter.DEFAULT) {
+            pathBuilder.append("&searchTitle=").append(URLEncoder.encode(searchTitle.value, StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
+        }
+        if (page != 1) {
+            pathBuilder.append("&page=").append(page);
+        }
+        if (newFilter) {
+            pathBuilder.append("&newfilter=").append(Boolean.valueOf(newFilter).toString());
+        }
+
+        return pathBuilder.toString();
     }
 
     public RpcTemporalBias.Bias temporalBias() {

code/services-application/search-service/java/nu/marginalia/search/command/commands/SearchCommand.java

@@ -3,27 +3,22 @@ package nu.marginalia.search.command.commands;
 import com.google.inject.Inject;
 import io.jooby.MapModelAndView;
 import io.jooby.ModelAndView;
-import nu.marginalia.search.JteRenderer;
 import nu.marginalia.search.SearchOperator;
 import nu.marginalia.search.command.SearchCommandInterface;
 import nu.marginalia.search.command.SearchParameters;
 import nu.marginalia.search.model.DecoratedSearchResults;
 import nu.marginalia.search.model.NavbarModel;
 
-import java.io.IOException;
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.Optional;
 
 public class SearchCommand implements SearchCommandInterface {
     private final SearchOperator searchOperator;
-    private final JteRenderer jteRenderer;
 
 
     @Inject
-    public SearchCommand(SearchOperator searchOperator,
+    public SearchCommand(SearchOperator searchOperator){
-                         JteRenderer jteRenderer) throws IOException {
         this.searchOperator = searchOperator;
-        this.jteRenderer = jteRenderer;
     }
 
     @Override

code/services-application/search-service/java/nu/marginalia/search/svc/SearchSiteInfoService.java

@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ public class SearchSiteInfoService {
             @PathParam String domainName,
             @QueryParam String view,
             @QueryParam Integer page
-    ) throws SQLException {
+    ) throws SQLException, ExecutionException {
 
         if (null == domainName || domainName.isBlank()) {
             return null;

code/services-application/search-service/resources/jte/serp/part/searchform.jte

@@ -36,10 +36,11 @@
 
     </div>
 
+    @if (filters.showRecentOption.isSet()) <input type="hidden" name="js" value="${filters.removeJsOption.value()}"> @endif
+    @if (filters.reduceAdtechOption.isSet()) <input type="hidden" name="adtech" value="${filters.reduceAdtechOption.value()}"> @endif
+    @if (filters.searchTitleOption.isSet()) <input type="hidden" name="searchTitle" value="${filters.searchTitleOption.value()}"> @endif
+    @if (filters.showRecentOption.isSet()) <input type="hidden" name="recent" value="${filters.showRecentOption.value()}"> @endif
 
-    <input type="hidden" name="js" value="${filters.removeJsOption.value()}">
-    <input type="hidden" name="adtech" value="${filters.reduceAdtechOption.value()}">
-    <input type="hidden" name="searchTitle" value="${filters.searchTitleOption.value()}">
     <input type="hidden" name="profile" value="${profile}">
-    <input type="hidden" name="recent" value="${filters.showRecentOption.value()}">
+
 </form>

code/services-application/search-service/resources/jte/serp/start.jte

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
         <div class="text-slate-700 dark:text-white text-sm p-4">
             <div class="fas fa-gift mr-1 text-margeblue dark:text-slate-200"></div>
             This is the new design and home of Marginalia Search.
-            You can about what this entails <a href="https://about.marginalia-search.com/article/redesign/"  class="underline text-liteblue dark:text-blue-200">here</a>.
+            You can read about what this entails <a href="https://about.marginalia-search.com/article/redesign/"  class="underline text-liteblue dark:text-blue-200">here</a>.
         <p class="my-4"></p>
         The old version of Marginalia Search remains available at
         <a href="https://old-search.marginalia.nu/" class="underline text-liteblue dark:text-blue-200">https://old-search.marginalia.nu/</a>.

run/install/barebones-1/docker-compose.yml.template

@@ -72,11 +72,11 @@ services:
     image: "mariadb:lts"
     container_name: "mariadb"
     env_file: "${INSTALL_DIR}/env/mariadb.env"
-    command: ['mysqld', '--character-set-server=utf8mb4', '--collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci']
+    command: ['mariadbd', '--character-set-server=utf8mb4', '--collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci']
     ports:
       - "127.0.0.1:3306:3306/tcp"
     healthcheck:
-      test: mysqladmin ping -h 127.0.0.1 -u ${uval} --password=${pval}
+      test: mariadb-admin ping -h 127.0.0.1 -u ${uval} --password=${pval}
       start_period: 5s
       interval: 5s
       timeout: 5s

run/install/barebones-2/docker-compose.yml.template

@@ -103,11 +103,11 @@ services:
     image: "mariadb:lts"
     container_name: "mariadb"
     env_file: "${INSTALL_DIR}/env/mariadb.env"
-    command: ['mysqld', '--character-set-server=utf8mb4', '--collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci']
+    command: ['mariadbd', '--character-set-server=utf8mb4', '--collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci']
     ports:
       - "127.0.0.1:3306:3306/tcp"
     healthcheck:
-      test: mysqladmin ping -h 127.0.0.1 -u ${uval} --password=${pval}
+      test: mariadb-admin ping -h 127.0.0.1 -u ${uval} --password=${pval}
       start_period: 5s
       interval: 5s
       timeout: 5s

run/install/marginalia-prod-like/docker-compose.yml.template

@@ -129,11 +129,11 @@ services:
     image: "mariadb:lts"
     container_name: "mariadb"
     env_file: "${INSTALL_DIR}/env/mariadb.env"
-    command: ['mysqld', '--character-set-server=utf8mb4', '--collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci']
+    command: ['mariadbd', '--character-set-server=utf8mb4', '--collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci']
     ports:
       - "127.0.0.1:3306:3306/tcp"
     healthcheck:
-      test: mysqladmin ping -h 127.0.0.1 -u ${uval} --password=${pval}
+      test: mariadb-admin ping -h 127.0.0.1 -u ${uval} --password=${pval}
       start_period: 5s
       interval: 5s
       timeout: 5s

run/install/no-docker/docker-compose.yml.template

@@ -3,11 +3,11 @@ services:
     image: "mariadb:lts"
     container_name: "mariadb"
     env_file: "${INSTALL_DIR}/env/mariadb.env"
-    command: ['mysqld', '--character-set-server=utf8mb4', '--collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci']
+    command: ['mariadbd', '--character-set-server=utf8mb4', '--collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci']
     ports:
       - "127.0.0.1:3306:3306/tcp"
     healthcheck:
-      test: mysqladmin ping -h 127.0.0.1 -u ${uval} --password=${pval}
+      test: mariadb-admin ping -h 127.0.0.1 -u ${uval} --password=${pval}
       start_period: 5s
       interval: 5s
       timeout: 5s