(rate-limit) Fix rate limiting logic

The rate limiter was misconfigured to regenerate tokens at a fixed rate of 1 per refillRate; not refillRate per minute.  Additionally increasing the default bucket size to 4x refill rate.

code/common/service/java/nu/marginalia/service/server/RateLimiter.java

@@ -35,21 +35,8 @@ public class RateLimiter {
     }
 
 
-    public static RateLimiter forExpensiveRequest() {
-        return new RateLimiter(5, 10);
-    }
-
     public static RateLimiter custom(int perMinute) {
-        return new RateLimiter(perMinute, 60);
-    }
-
-    public static RateLimiter forSpamBots() {
-        return new RateLimiter(120, 3600);
-    }
-
-
-    public static RateLimiter forLogin() {
-        return new RateLimiter(3, 15);
+        return new RateLimiter(4 * perMinute, perMinute);
     }
 
     private void cleanIdleBuckets() {
@@ -62,7 +49,7 @@ public class RateLimiter {
     }
 
     private Bucket createBucket() {
-        var refill = Refill.greedy(1, Duration.ofSeconds(refillRate));
+        var refill = Refill.greedy(refillRate, Duration.ofSeconds(60));
         var bw = Bandwidth.classic(capacity, refill);
         return Bucket.builder().addLimit(bw).build();
     }

code/processes/crawling-process/java/nu/marginalia/crawl/CrawlerMain.java

@@ -103,10 +103,18 @@ public class CrawlerMain extends ProcessMainClass {
         this.blacklist = blacklist;
         this.node = processConfiguration.node();
 
+        SimpleBlockingThreadPool.ThreadType threadType;
+        if (Boolean.getBoolean("crawler.useVirtualThreads")) {
+            threadType = SimpleBlockingThreadPool.ThreadType.VIRTUAL;
+        }
+        else {
+            threadType = SimpleBlockingThreadPool.ThreadType.PLATFORM;
+        }
+
         pool = new SimpleBlockingThreadPool("CrawlerPool",
                 Integer.getInteger("crawler.poolSize", 256),
                 1,
-                SimpleBlockingThreadPool.ThreadType.VIRTUAL);
+                threadType);
 
 
         // Wait for the blacklist to be loaded before starting the crawl
@@ -493,7 +501,7 @@ public class CrawlerMain extends ProcessMainClass {
                     return new CrawlDataReference(slopPath);
                 }
 
-            } catch (IOException e) {
+            } catch (Exception e) {
                 logger.debug("Failed to read previous crawl data for {}", specification.domain());
             }
 

code/processes/crawling-process/java/nu/marginalia/crawl/DomainStateDb.java

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.sql.Connection;
 import java.sql.DriverManager;
 import java.sql.SQLException;
+import java.time.Duration;
 import java.time.Instant;
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.Optional;
@@ -24,6 +25,17 @@ public class DomainStateDb implements AutoCloseable {
 
     private final Connection connection;
 
+
+    public record CrawlMeta(
+            String domainName,
+            Instant lastFullCrawl,
+            Duration recrawlTime,
+            Duration crawlTime,
+            int recrawlErrors,
+            int crawlChanges,
+            int totalCrawlSize
+    ) {}
+
     public record SummaryRecord(
             String domainName,
             Instant lastUpdated,
@@ -102,6 +114,17 @@ public class DomainStateDb implements AutoCloseable {
                         feedUrl TEXT
                     )
                     """);
+            stmt.executeUpdate("""
+                    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS crawl_meta (
+                        domain TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
+                        lastFullCrawlEpochMs LONG NOT NULL,
+                        recrawlTimeMs LONG NOT NULL,
+                        recrawlErrors INTEGER NOT NULL,
+                        crawlTimeMs LONG NOT NULL,
+                        crawlChanges INTEGER NOT NULL,
+                        totalCrawlSize INTEGER NOT NULL
+                    )
+                    """);
             stmt.executeUpdate("""
                     CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS favicon (
                         domain TEXT PRIMARY KEY,
@@ -164,6 +187,26 @@ public class DomainStateDb implements AutoCloseable {
         return Optional.empty();
     }
 
+    public void save(CrawlMeta crawlMeta) {
+        if (connection == null) throw new IllegalStateException("No connection to domainstate db");
+
+        try (var stmt = connection.prepareStatement("""
+                INSERT OR REPLACE INTO crawl_meta (domain, lastFullCrawlEpochMs, recrawlTimeMs, recrawlErrors, crawlTimeMs, crawlChanges, totalCrawlSize)
+                VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
+                """)) {
+            stmt.setString(1, crawlMeta.domainName());
+            stmt.setLong(2, crawlMeta.lastFullCrawl.toEpochMilli());
+            stmt.setLong(3, crawlMeta.recrawlTime.toMillis());
+            stmt.setInt(4, crawlMeta.recrawlErrors);
+            stmt.setLong(5, crawlMeta.crawlTime.toMillis());
+            stmt.setInt(6, crawlMeta.crawlChanges);
+            stmt.setInt(7, crawlMeta.totalCrawlSize);
+            stmt.executeUpdate();
+        } catch (SQLException e) {
+            logger.error("Failed to insert crawl meta record", e);
+        }
+    }
+
     public void save(SummaryRecord record) {
         if (connection == null) throw new IllegalStateException("No connection to domainstate db");
 
@@ -182,7 +225,35 @@ public class DomainStateDb implements AutoCloseable {
         }
     }
 
-    public Optional<SummaryRecord> get(String domainName) {
+    public Optional<CrawlMeta> getMeta(String domainName) {
+        if (connection == null)
+            return Optional.empty();
+
+        try (var stmt = connection.prepareStatement("""
+                SELECT domain, lastFullCrawlEpochMs, recrawlTimeMs, recrawlErrors, crawlTimeMs, crawlChanges, totalCrawlSize
+                FROM crawl_meta
+                WHERE domain = ?
+                """)) {
+            stmt.setString(1, domainName);
+            var rs = stmt.executeQuery();
+            if (rs.next()) {
+                return Optional.of(new CrawlMeta(
+                        rs.getString("domain"),
+                        Instant.ofEpochMilli(rs.getLong("lastFullCrawlEpochMs")),
+                        Duration.ofMillis(rs.getLong("recrawlTimeMs")),
+                        Duration.ofMillis(rs.getLong("crawlTimeMs")),
+                        rs.getInt("recrawlErrors"),
+                        rs.getInt("crawlChanges"),
+                        rs.getInt("totalCrawlSize")
+                ));
+            }
+        } catch (SQLException ex) {
+            logger.error("Failed to get crawl meta record", ex);
+        }
+        return Optional.empty();
+    }
+
+    public Optional<SummaryRecord> getSummary(String domainName) {
         if (connection == null)
             return Optional.empty();
 

code/processes/crawling-process/java/nu/marginalia/crawl/fetcher/HttpFetcherImpl.java

@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ import java.net.http.HttpResponse;
 import java.net.http.HttpTimeoutException;
 import java.time.Duration;
 import java.util.*;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
 import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
 import java.util.concurrent.Semaphore;
 import java.util.zip.GZIPInputStream;
@@ -56,12 +57,22 @@ public class HttpFetcherImpl implements HttpFetcher {
     private final HttpClient client;
 
     private HttpClient createClient() {
+        final ExecutorService executorService;
+
+        if (Boolean.getBoolean("crawler.httpclient.useVirtualThreads")) {
+            executorService = Executors.newVirtualThreadPerTaskExecutor();
+        }
+        else {
+            executorService = Executors.newCachedThreadPool();
+        }
+
         return HttpClient.newBuilder()
                 .sslContext(NoSecuritySSL.buildSslContext())
                 .cookieHandler(cookies)
                 .followRedirects(HttpClient.Redirect.NORMAL)
+                .version(HttpClient.Version.HTTP_1_1)
                 .connectTimeout(Duration.ofSeconds(8))
-                .executor(Executors.newVirtualThreadPerTaskExecutor())
+                .executor(executorService)
                 .build();
     }
 

code/processes/crawling-process/java/nu/marginalia/crawl/fetcher/warc/WarcInputBuffer.java

@@ -8,7 +8,10 @@ import java.net.http.HttpHeaders;
 import java.net.http.HttpResponse;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.time.Instant;
 import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.*;
 import java.util.zip.GZIPInputStream;
 
 /** Input buffer for temporary storage of a HTTP response
@@ -39,7 +42,7 @@ public abstract class WarcInputBuffer implements AutoCloseable {
      *  and suppressed from the headers.
      *  If an error occurs, a buffer will be created with no content and an error status.
      */
-    static WarcInputBuffer forResponse(HttpResponse<InputStream> rsp) {
+    static WarcInputBuffer forResponse(HttpResponse<InputStream> rsp, Duration timeLimit) {
         if (rsp == null)
             return new ErrorBuffer();
 
@@ -51,11 +54,11 @@ public abstract class WarcInputBuffer implements AutoCloseable {
 
             if (contentEncoding == null && contentLength > 0 && contentLength < 8192) {
                 // If the content is small and not compressed, we can just read it into memory
-                return new MemoryBuffer(headers, is, contentLength);
+                return new MemoryBuffer(headers, timeLimit, is, contentLength);
             }
             else {
                 // Otherwise, we unpack it into a file and read it from there
-                return new FileBuffer(headers, is);
+                return new FileBuffer(headers, timeLimit, is);
             }
         }
         catch (Exception ex) {
@@ -64,9 +67,16 @@ public abstract class WarcInputBuffer implements AutoCloseable {
 
     }
 
+    private static final ExecutorService virtualExecutorService = Executors.newVirtualThreadPerTaskExecutor();
+
+    private Future<Integer> readAsync(InputStream is, byte[] out) {
+        return virtualExecutorService.submit(() -> is.read(out));
+    }
+
     /** Copy an input stream to an output stream, with a maximum size and time limit */
-    protected void copy(InputStream is, OutputStream os) {
-        long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
+    protected void copy(InputStream is, OutputStream os, Duration timeLimit) {
+        Instant start = Instant.now();
+        Instant timeout = start.plus(timeLimit);
         long size = 0;
 
         byte[] buffer = new byte[8192];
@@ -76,7 +86,15 @@ public abstract class WarcInputBuffer implements AutoCloseable {
 
         while (true) {
             try {
-                int n = is.read(buffer);
+                Duration remaining = Duration.between(Instant.now(), timeout);
+                if (remaining.isNegative()) {
+                    truncationReason = WarcTruncationReason.TIME;
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                Future<Integer> readAsync = readAsync(is, buffer);
+                int n = readAsync.get(remaining.toMillis(), TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
+
                 if (n < 0) break;
                 size += n;
                 os.write(buffer, 0, n);
@@ -85,12 +103,11 @@ public abstract class WarcInputBuffer implements AutoCloseable {
                     truncationReason = WarcTruncationReason.LENGTH;
                     break;
                 }
-
-                if (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime > WarcRecorder.MAX_TIME) {
+            } catch (IOException|ExecutionException e) {
+                truncationReason = WarcTruncationReason.UNSPECIFIED;
+            } catch (TimeoutException e) {
                 truncationReason = WarcTruncationReason.TIME;
-                    break;
-                }
-            } catch (IOException e) {
+            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                 throw new RuntimeException(e);
             }
         }
@@ -123,12 +140,12 @@ class ErrorBuffer extends WarcInputBuffer {
 /** Buffer for when we have the response in memory */
 class MemoryBuffer extends WarcInputBuffer {
     byte[] data;
-    public MemoryBuffer(HttpHeaders headers, InputStream responseStream, int size) {
+    public MemoryBuffer(HttpHeaders headers, Duration timeLimit, InputStream responseStream, int size) {
         super(headers);
 
         var outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream(size);
 
-        copy(responseStream, outputStream);
+        copy(responseStream, outputStream, timeLimit);
 
         data = outputStream.toByteArray();
     }
@@ -152,7 +169,7 @@ class MemoryBuffer extends WarcInputBuffer {
 class FileBuffer extends WarcInputBuffer {
     private final Path tempFile;
 
-    public FileBuffer(HttpHeaders headers, InputStream responseStream) throws IOException {
+    public FileBuffer(HttpHeaders headers, Duration timeLimit, InputStream responseStream) throws IOException {
         super(suppressContentEncoding(headers));
 
         this.tempFile = Files.createTempFile("rsp", ".html");
@@ -160,7 +177,7 @@ class FileBuffer extends WarcInputBuffer {
 
         if ("gzip".equalsIgnoreCase(headers.firstValue("Content-Encoding").orElse(""))) {
             try (var out = Files.newOutputStream(tempFile)) {
-                copy(new GZIPInputStream(responseStream), out);
+                copy(new GZIPInputStream(responseStream), out, timeLimit);
             }
             catch (Exception ex) {
                 truncationReason = WarcTruncationReason.UNSPECIFIED;
@@ -168,7 +185,7 @@ class FileBuffer extends WarcInputBuffer {
         }
         else {
             try (var out = Files.newOutputStream(tempFile)) {
-                copy(responseStream, out);
+                copy(responseStream, out, timeLimit);
             }
             catch (Exception ex) {
                 truncationReason = WarcTruncationReason.UNSPECIFIED;

code/processes/crawling-process/java/nu/marginalia/crawl/fetcher/warc/WarcRecorder.java

@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ public class WarcRecorder implements AutoCloseable {
         }
 
 
-        try (WarcInputBuffer inputBuffer = WarcInputBuffer.forResponse(response);
+        try (WarcInputBuffer inputBuffer = WarcInputBuffer.forResponse(response, request.timeout().orElseGet(() -> Duration.ofMillis(MAX_TIME)));
              InputStream inputStream = inputBuffer.read())
         {
             if (cookies.hasCookies()) {

code/processes/crawling-process/java/nu/marginalia/crawl/retreival/CrawlDelayTimer.java

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package nu.marginalia.crawl.retreival;
 import nu.marginalia.crawl.fetcher.HttpFetcherImpl;
 
 import java.time.Duration;
+import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;
 
 import static java.lang.Math.max;
 import static java.lang.Math.min;
@@ -53,12 +54,13 @@ public class CrawlDelayTimer {
     public void waitFetchDelay(long spentTime) {
         long sleepTime = delayTime;
 
+        long jitter = ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextLong(0, 150);
         try {
             if (sleepTime >= 1) {
                 if (spentTime > sleepTime)
                     return;
 
-                Thread.sleep(min(sleepTime - spentTime, 5000));
+                Thread.sleep(min(sleepTime - spentTime, 5000) + jitter);
             } else {
                 // When no crawl delay is specified, lean toward twice the fetch+process time,
                 // within sane limits. This means slower servers get slower crawling, and faster
@@ -71,12 +73,12 @@ public class CrawlDelayTimer {
                 if (spentTime > sleepTime)
                     return;
 
-                Thread.sleep(sleepTime - spentTime);
+                Thread.sleep(sleepTime - spentTime + jitter);
             }
 
             if (slowDown) {
                 // Additional delay when the server is signalling it wants slower requests
-                Thread.sleep(DEFAULT_CRAWL_DELAY_MIN_MS);
+                Thread.sleep(DEFAULT_CRAWL_DELAY_MIN_MS + jitter);
             }
         }
         catch (InterruptedException e) {

code/processes/crawling-process/java/nu/marginalia/crawl/retreival/CrawlerRetreiver.java

@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ import java.io.IOException;
 import java.net.InetAddress;
 import java.net.UnknownHostException;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.time.Instant;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Optional;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@@ -113,15 +115,19 @@ public class CrawlerRetreiver implements AutoCloseable {
                         throw new InterruptedException();
                     }
 
+                    Instant recrawlStart = Instant.now();
+                    CrawlerRevisitor.RecrawlMetadata recrawlMetadata = crawlerRevisitor.recrawl(oldCrawlData, robotsRules, delayTimer);
+                    Duration recrawlTime = Duration.between(recrawlStart, Instant.now());
+
                     // Play back the old crawl data (if present) and fetch the documents comparing etags and last-modified
-                    if (crawlerRevisitor.recrawl(oldCrawlData, robotsRules, delayTimer) > 0) {
+                    if (recrawlMetadata.size() > 0) {
                         // If we have reference data, we will always grow the crawl depth a bit
                         crawlFrontier.increaseDepth(1.5, 2500);
                     }
 
                     oldCrawlData.close(); // proactively close the crawl data reference here to not hold onto expensive resources
 
-                    yield crawlDomain(probedUrl, robotsRules, delayTimer, domainLinks);
+                    yield crawlDomain(probedUrl, robotsRules, delayTimer, domainLinks, recrawlMetadata, recrawlTime);
                 }
                 case HttpFetcher.DomainProbeResult.Redirect(EdgeDomain domain1) -> {
                     domainStateDb.save(DomainStateDb.SummaryRecord.forError(domain, "Redirect", domain1.toString()));
@@ -143,15 +149,28 @@ public class CrawlerRetreiver implements AutoCloseable {
     private int crawlDomain(EdgeUrl rootUrl,
                             SimpleRobotRules robotsRules,
                             CrawlDelayTimer delayTimer,
-                            DomainLinks domainLinks) {
+                            DomainLinks domainLinks,
+                            CrawlerRevisitor.RecrawlMetadata recrawlMetadata,
+                            Duration recrawlTime) {
+
+        Instant crawlStart = Instant.now();
 
         // Add external links to the crawl frontier
         crawlFrontier.addAllToQueue(domainLinks.getUrls(rootUrl.proto));
 
         // Fetch sitemaps
         for (var sitemap : robotsRules.getSitemaps()) {
+
+            // Validate the sitemap URL and check if it belongs to the domain as the root URL
+            if (EdgeUrl.parse(sitemap)
+                    .map(url -> url.getDomain().equals(rootUrl.domain))
+                    .orElse(false)) {
+
                 crawlFrontier.addAllToQueue(fetcher.fetchSitemapUrls(sitemap, delayTimer));
             }
+        }
+
+        int crawlerAdditions = 0;
 
         while (!crawlFrontier.isEmpty()
             && !crawlFrontier.isCrawlDepthReached()
@@ -184,7 +203,11 @@ public class CrawlerRetreiver implements AutoCloseable {
                 continue;
 
             try {
-                fetchContentWithReference(top, delayTimer, DocumentWithReference.empty());
+                var result = fetchContentWithReference(top, delayTimer, DocumentWithReference.empty());
+
+                if (result.isOk()) {
+                    crawlerAdditions++;
+                }
             }
             catch (InterruptedException ex) {
                 Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
@@ -192,6 +215,17 @@ public class CrawlerRetreiver implements AutoCloseable {
             }
         }
 
+        Duration crawlTime = Duration.between(crawlStart, Instant.now());
+        domainStateDb.save(new DomainStateDb.CrawlMeta(
+                domain,
+                Instant.now(),
+                recrawlTime,
+                crawlTime,
+                recrawlMetadata.errors(),
+                crawlerAdditions,
+                recrawlMetadata.size() + crawlerAdditions
+        ));
+
         return crawlFrontier.visitedSize();
     }
 
@@ -324,7 +358,7 @@ public class CrawlerRetreiver implements AutoCloseable {
     );
 
     private Optional<String> guessFeedUrl(CrawlDelayTimer timer) throws InterruptedException {
-        var oldDomainStateRecord = domainStateDb.get(domain);
+        var oldDomainStateRecord = domainStateDb.getSummary(domain);
 
         // If we are already aware of an old feed URL, then we can just revalidate it
         if (oldDomainStateRecord.isPresent()) {

code/processes/crawling-process/java/nu/marginalia/crawl/retreival/revisit/CrawlerRevisitor.java

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ public class CrawlerRevisitor {
     }
 
     /** Performs a re-crawl of old documents, comparing etags and last-modified */
-    public int recrawl(CrawlDataReference oldCrawlData,
+    public RecrawlMetadata recrawl(CrawlDataReference oldCrawlData,
                        SimpleRobotRules robotsRules,
                        CrawlDelayTimer delayTimer)
     throws InterruptedException {
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ public class CrawlerRevisitor {
         int retained = 0;
         int errors = 0;
         int skipped = 0;
+        int size = 0;
 
         for (CrawledDocument doc : oldCrawlData) {
             if (errors > 20) {
@@ -82,6 +83,7 @@ public class CrawlerRevisitor {
                 continue;
             }
 
+            size++;
 
             double skipProb;
 
@@ -154,6 +156,8 @@ public class CrawlerRevisitor {
             }
         }
 
-        return recrawled;
+        return new RecrawlMetadata(size, errors, skipped);
     }
+
+    public record RecrawlMetadata(int size, int errors, int skipped) {}
 }

code/processes/crawling-process/test/nu/marginalia/crawl/DomainStateDbTest.java

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import java.io.IOException;
 import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.sql.SQLException;
+import java.time.Duration;
 import java.time.Instant;
 
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.*;
@@ -47,8 +48,8 @@ class DomainStateDbTest {
             db.save(allFields);
             db.save(minFields);
 
-            assertEquals(allFields, db.get("all.marginalia.nu").orElseThrow());
-            assertEquals(minFields, db.get("min.marginalia.nu").orElseThrow());
+            assertEquals(allFields, db.getSummary("all.marginalia.nu").orElseThrow());
+            assertEquals(minFields, db.getSummary("min.marginalia.nu").orElseThrow());
 
             var updatedAllFields = new DomainStateDb.SummaryRecord(
                     "all.marginalia.nu",
@@ -59,7 +60,19 @@ class DomainStateDbTest {
             );
 
             db.save(updatedAllFields);
-            assertEquals(updatedAllFields, db.get("all.marginalia.nu").orElseThrow());
+            assertEquals(updatedAllFields, db.getSummary("all.marginalia.nu").orElseThrow());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void testMetadata() throws SQLException {
+        try (var db = new DomainStateDb(tempFile)) {
+            var original = new DomainStateDb.CrawlMeta("example.com", Instant.ofEpochMilli(12345), Duration.ofMillis(30), Duration.ofMillis(300), 1, 2, 3);
+            db.save(original);
+
+            var maybeMeta = db.getMeta("example.com");
+            assertTrue(maybeMeta.isPresent());
+            assertEquals(original, maybeMeta.get());
         }
     }
 

code/processes/crawling-process/test/nu/marginalia/crawl/retreival/fetcher/WarcRecorderFakeServerTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+package nu.marginalia.crawl.retreival.fetcher;
+
+import com.sun.net.httpserver.HttpServer;
+import nu.marginalia.crawl.fetcher.Cookies;
+import nu.marginalia.crawl.fetcher.warc.WarcRecorder;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.*;
+import org.netpreserve.jwarc.WarcReader;
+import org.netpreserve.jwarc.WarcRequest;
+import org.netpreserve.jwarc.WarcResponse;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
+import java.net.http.HttpClient;
+import java.net.http.HttpRequest;
+import java.nio.file.Files;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.time.Duration;
+import java.time.Instant;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+@Tag("slow")
+class WarcRecorderFakeServerTest {
+    static HttpServer server;
+
+    @BeforeAll
+    public static void setUpAll() throws IOException {
+        server = HttpServer.create(new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1", 14510), 10);
+
+        // This endpoint will finish sending the response immediately
+        server.createContext("/fast", exchange -> {
+            exchange.getResponseHeaders().add("Content-Type", "text/html");
+            exchange.sendResponseHeaders(200, "<html><body>hello</body></html>".length());
+
+            try (var os = exchange.getResponseBody()) {
+                os.write("<html><body>hello</body></html>".getBytes());
+                os.flush();
+            }
+            exchange.close();
+        });
+
+        // This endpoint will take 10 seconds to finish sending the response,
+        // which should trigger a timeout in the client
+        server.createContext("/slow", exchange -> {
+            exchange.getResponseHeaders().add("Content-Type", "text/html");
+            exchange.sendResponseHeaders(200, "<html><body>hello</body></html>:D".length());
+
+            try (var os = exchange.getResponseBody()) {
+                os.write("<html><body>hello</body></html>".getBytes());
+                os.flush();
+                try {
+                    TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(10);
+                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
+                    throw new RuntimeException(e);
+                }
+                os.write(":D".getBytes());
+                os.flush();
+            }
+            exchange.close();
+        });
+
+        server.start();
+    }
+
+    @AfterAll
+    public static void tearDownAll() {
+        server.stop(0);
+    }
+
+    Path fileNameWarc;
+    Path fileNameParquet;
+    WarcRecorder client;
+
+    HttpClient httpClient;
+    @BeforeEach
+    public void setUp() throws Exception {
+        httpClient = HttpClient.newBuilder().build();
+
+        fileNameWarc = Files.createTempFile("test", ".warc");
+        fileNameParquet = Files.createTempFile("test", ".parquet");
+
+        client = new WarcRecorder(fileNameWarc, new Cookies());
+    }
+
+    @AfterEach
+    public void tearDown() throws Exception {
+        client.close();
+        Files.delete(fileNameWarc);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void fetchFast() throws Exception {
+        client.fetch(httpClient,
+                HttpRequest.newBuilder()
+                        .uri(new java.net.URI("http://localhost:14510/fast"))
+                        .timeout(Duration.ofSeconds(1))
+                        .header("User-agent", "test.marginalia.nu")
+                        .header("Accept-Encoding", "gzip")
+                        .GET().build()
+        );
+
+        Map<String, String> sampleData = new HashMap<>();
+        try (var warcReader = new WarcReader(fileNameWarc)) {
+            warcReader.forEach(record -> {
+                if (record instanceof WarcRequest req) {
+                    sampleData.put(record.type(), req.target());
+                }
+                if (record instanceof WarcResponse rsp) {
+                    sampleData.put(record.type(), rsp.target());
+                }
+            });
+        }
+
+        System.out.println(sampleData);
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void fetchSlow() throws Exception {
+        Instant start = Instant.now();
+        client.fetch(httpClient,
+                HttpRequest.newBuilder()
+                        .uri(new java.net.URI("http://localhost:14510/slow"))
+                        .timeout(Duration.ofSeconds(1))
+                        .header("User-agent", "test.marginalia.nu")
+                        .header("Accept-Encoding", "gzip")
+                        .GET().build()
+        );
+        Instant end = Instant.now();
+
+        Map<String, String> sampleData = new HashMap<>();
+        try (var warcReader = new WarcReader(fileNameWarc)) {
+            warcReader.forEach(record -> {
+                if (record instanceof WarcRequest req) {
+                    sampleData.put(record.type(), req.target());
+                }
+                if (record instanceof WarcResponse rsp) {
+                    sampleData.put(record.type(), rsp.target());
+                    System.out.println(rsp.target());
+                }
+            });
+        }
+
+        System.out.println(sampleData);
+
+        // Timeout is set to 1 second, but the server will take 5 seconds to respond,
+        // so we expect the request to take 1s and change before it times out.
+
+        Assertions.assertTrue(Duration.between(start, end).toMillis() < 2000);
+    }
+
+}